As extreme cold moves into North Carolina, homeowners need to take precautions to protect their homes from the threat of frozen pipes. The consequences of frozen pipes can be devastating, leading to expensive repairs, water damage, and in some cases, the loss of water service. In this article, we’ll discuss the temperatures that cause pipes to freeze, how to prevent it, and what steps to take if you find yourself facing frozen pipes.

What Temperatures Cause Pipes to Freeze?

The general rule is that water pipes freeze when temperatures drop to 20°F (-6°C) or lower. However, it’s important to note that multiple factors can contribute to the freezing of pipes. Pipes that are poorly insulated or located in unheated areas such as attics, basements, or crawl spaces are at an even greater risk of freezing, as they are exposed to the cold for a longer period.

When temperatures fall to 20°F or below, water inside pipes begins to freeze. As the water turns into ice, it expands, which can cause pipes to burst or crack under pressure. This is particularly concerning for exterior pipes, pipes in uninsulated spaces, or pipes located on exterior walls where the cold air can seep in more easily.

Factors That Influence Pipe Freezing

While 20°F is the general threshold for freezing pipes, several factors influence the likelihood of pipes freezing in your home, including:

1. Pipe Location: Pipes that are exposed to outside walls or located in areas with poor insulation are more susceptible to freezing. Unheated spaces like garages, attics, and crawl spaces are prime areas where pipes may freeze.
2. Wind Chill: Even if the air temperature is hovering around the freezing mark, wind chill can make it feel much colder. Strong winds can accelerate the freezing process, especially if pipes are already in cold or unheated areas.
3. Length of Exposure: Pipes exposed to sub-freezing temperatures for extended periods are more likely to freeze. A sudden, short cold snap may not be enough to freeze pipes, but a prolonged period of cold weather could result in significant risks.
4. Water Flow: If water is not flowing through pipes, it increases the chances of freezing. Stagnant water in pipes is more likely to freeze and cause damage compared to pipes with running water.

How to Prevent Frozen Pipes in North Carolina

As extreme cold approaches North Carolina, residents can take a few simple steps to reduce the risk of frozen pipes and protect their homes:

1. Insulate Exposed Pipes: Use foam pipe insulation, heating tape, or pipe wraps to protect pipes in unheated areas. This will help keep the pipes warm and prevent freezing.
2. Open Cabinet Doors: If you have pipes under sinks or in cabinets along exterior walls, open the cabinet doors to allow warmer air to circulate around the pipes. This is especially important for kitchen and bathroom sinks that may be vulnerable to freezing.
3. Let Faucets Drip: Letting faucets drip slowly can keep water moving through the pipes, reducing the chances of freezing. This is particularly useful for pipes that are located in unheated or exposed areas.
4. Seal Drafts: Use weatherstripping or caulk to seal gaps around windows, doors, and other openings in areas where pipes are located. This will help keep cold air from entering and affecting your pipes.
5. Maintain a Consistent Temperature: During extreme cold, maintain a consistent temperature inside your home. Even if you’re going out of town, leave the heat on to prevent pipes from freezing. A temperature above 55°F is ideal to keep the pipes warm enough.
6. Shut Off Exterior Faucets: If you have exterior water spigots, be sure to disconnect hoses and drain the lines. In some cases, it may also be necessary to shut off the water supply to exterior faucets to prevent freezing.

What to Do If Your Pipes Freeze

If you suspect that your pipes have frozen, it’s crucial to act quickly. Here’s what to do:

1. Turn Off the Water Supply: If you notice a drop in water pressure or suspect frozen pipes, immediately turn off the main water supply to prevent any further damage.
2. Thaw the Pipes: Carefully thaw frozen pipes with a hair dryer, space heater, or warm towels. Never use an open flame or blowtorch, as it could cause the pipe to burst.
3. Contact a Professional: If you’re unable to safely thaw the pipes yourself, or if you notice signs of a burst pipe, contact a plumber immediately to assess the situation and make repairs.

Conclusion

As extreme cold approaches, it’s important for North Carolina homeowners to take proactive steps to protect their pipes from freezing. By understanding the temperature thresholds and factors that contribute to frozen pipes, as well as taking preventative measures, you can avoid costly repairs and water damage. If you do experience frozen pipes, quick action can help mitigate the damage.

For more information and winterizing tips, visit the American Red Cross website.

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